Low vision refers to a significant visual impairment that cannot be fully corrected with standard glasses, contact lenses, medications, or surgery. It is defined as best-corrected visual acuity of 20/70 or worse in the better eye, or a significant reduction in visual field. Low vision is not blindness — most patients retain some functional vision — but it significantly affects the ability to perform everyday tasks like reading, driving, recognizing faces, and navigating independently.

Common Causes of Low Vision

  • Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) — The most common cause in adults over 50; primarily affects central vision
  • Glaucoma — Causes progressive peripheral vision loss leading to tunnel vision in advanced stages
  • Diabetic retinopathy — Damages retinal blood vessels, causing blotchy or severely blurred vision
  • Retinitis pigmentosa — A hereditary condition causing progressive peripheral vision loss and night blindness
  • Stroke or traumatic brain injury — Can cause hemianopia (loss of half the visual field) or other complex visual field deficits

Low Vision Rehabilitation

A low vision evaluation goes beyond a standard eye exam to assess how the remaining vision functions for real-world tasks. Based on this assessment, our doctors prescribe specialized aids and strategies:

  • Optical magnifiers — Handheld, stand, or spectacle-mounted magnifiers for reading and near tasks
  • Telescopic systems — For distance viewing tasks such as watching television or seeing signs
  • Electronic magnification — Video magnifiers (CCTVs) and smartphone apps that dramatically enlarge text and images
  • Prism lenses — Shift the visual field to compensate for field defects from stroke or glaucoma
  • Lighting and contrast modifications — Simple environmental changes that substantially improve functional vision
  • Referral to rehabilitation specialists — Occupational therapists and orientation and mobility specialists who help patients adapt daily living skills and maintain independence

Low vision is not the end of independence. With the right tools, training, and support, most patients can continue doing the activities that matter most to them. Contact us to schedule a low vision consultation.